??????:??????????

??????????,???????????????????????,????????????????????????

????

???? (Qubit)

???????? 0 ? 1 ??,??????????????????:

\
|?? = ?|0? + ?|1? \\

?? |?|� + |?|� = 1,?? ? ? ? ??????

????

????????????????????:

• ????:??????,?????
• ????:??????????????

????

???????"????????":

• ?????????,??????
• ?????????????????
• ?????????????

?????

?????

1. Hadamard ? (H)

   • ?????
   • H|0? = (|0? + |1?)/?2

2. Pauli-X ?

   • ??????
   • X|0? = |1?, X|1? = |0?

3. CNOT ?

   • ??????
   • ??????

??????

\
|0? ?? H ??????? ? |0? ??????X???? \\

????

Shor ??

• ??:????????
• ??:?? RSA ??
• ??:?????

Grover ??

• ??:???????
• ??:? O(N) ? O(?N)
• ??:??????

??????

Qiskit (Python)

\\python from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, Aer, execute

??????

qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) qc.h(0) # Hadamard ? qc.cx(0, 1) # CNOT ? qc.measure([0, 1], [0, 1])

??

backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') result = execute(qc, backend).result() \\

Q# (Microsoft)

\\qsharp operation EntangleQubits() : (Result, Result) { using (qubits = Qubit[2]) { H(qubits[0]); CNOT(qubits[0], qubits[1]); return (M(qubits[0]), M(qubits[1])); } } \\

??????

????

• IBM Quantum: 127 ???????
• Google Sycamore: 72 ????,??????
• IonQ: ????????,99.9% ???

????

1. ????

   • ????
   • ?????
   • ??????

2. ????

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   • ????
   • ????

3. ????

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   • ??????
   • ????

?????

????

1. ?????

   • ???????
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   • ???????

2. ????

   • ????????
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   • ?????

3. ??

   • ??????
   • ??????
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????

5??:

• 1000+ ???????
• ?????????
• ????????

10??:

• ???????
• ???????
• ??-????????

20??:

• ???????
• ????????
• ????????

????

????

• IBM Quantum Experience: ???????????
• Quantum Katas: ?????????
• Qiskit Textbook: IBM ???????

????

1. ?Quantum Computation and Quantum Information?
2. ?Programming Quantum Computers?
3. ?Dancing with Qubits?

????

????

1. ????

   • ????
   • ??????
   • ????

2. ????

   • ??????
   • ?? Qiskit ? Q#
   • ??????

3. ????

   • ??????
   • ????
   • ??????

????

• ??????????
• ??????????
• ?????????

??

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????:2025?3?